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SUMMARY: The integration of artificial intelligence in veterinary medical education has the potential to revolutionize the way students learn veterinary anatomy. ChatGPT, launched by OpenAI in November 2022, has been the fastest-growing artificial intelligence (AI) application as a learning tool in the past few months. ChatGPT is a virtual assistant that provides students with detailed and relevant anatomical knowledge based on internet sources. Apart from the advantages of ChatGPT in veterinary anatomy education, the challenges and limitations must also be considered, as highlighted in this letter. Further research and evaluation are necessary to ensure the optimal integration of the ChatGPT tool into veterinary anatomy education. ChatGPT can provide students with valuable insights and educational support but cannot replace hands-on experiences; dissection-based laboratory sessions remain essential for developing practical skills and spatial understanding in veterinary anatomy education.
La integración de la inteligencia artificial en la educación médica veterinaria tiene el potencial de revolucionar la forma en que los estudiantes aprenden anatomía veterinaria. ChatGPT, lanzado por OpenAI en noviembre de 2022, ha sido la aplicación de inteligencia artificial (IA) de más rápido crecimiento como herramienta de aprendizaje en los últimos meses. ChatGPT es un asistente virtual que brinda a los estudiantes conocimientos anatómicos detallados y relevantes basados en fuentes de Internet. Además de las ventajas de ChatGPT en la educación en anatomía veterinaria, también se deben considerar los desafíos y las limitaciones, como se destaca en esta carta. Se necesitan más investigaciones y evaluaciones para garantizar la integración óptima de la herramienta ChatGPT en la educación en anatomía veterinaria. ChatGPT puede proporcionar a los estudiantes información valiosa y apoyo educativo, pero no puede reemplazar las experiencias prácticas. Las sesiones de laboratorio basadas en disecciones siguen siendo esenciales para desarrollar habilidades prácticas y comprensión espacial en la educación de la anatomía veterinaria.
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Humans , Artificial Intelligence , Anatomy, Veterinary/educationABSTRACT
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a genetically heterogeneous group of connective tissue diseases that are commonly characterized by chronic joint synovial inflammation with unknown etiology in childhood.It is cu-rrently incurable and the main therapeutic goal is to achieve clinical remission.The drugs currently used to treat JIA mainly include non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoid, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, and biological agents.In this article, recent advances in the understanding of JIA treatment and related clinical research were reviewed, in an attempt to provide prospects for the future direction of drug development and treatment concepts.
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In recent years, China has been vigorously promoting the construction of medical informatization, with ever improving share and interoperability model of medical and health care big data centering on electronic health records. Current problems in the management and utilization of electronic health records were found in such aspects as hidden risk exposure in the centralized data storage, poor access in data sharing, and poor distribution of rights and interests. These problems can be tackled effectively by the distributed storage, efficient secret data sharing, on-demand collaborative intelligent computing and other features of blockchain technology. The blockchain technology is still immature to use in medical archiving, and large-scale application of electronic health archives blockchain faces challengs in technology, governance and operation. The authors suggest to enhance scientific research on blockchain technology, improve the construction of blockchain application enabling system, and to launch the pilot project of health archives blockchain.
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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused instability in the education system and has compelled higher education institutions (HEIs) to find alternative ways of teaching and learning by making use of the latest online teaching approaches. Aim: The purpose of the study was to explore how COVID-19 could serve as an enabler for the enhancement of online learning and teaching skills for nurse educators at the University of Namibia with specific emphasis on prospects and challenges. Setting: Semi-structured interviews were conducted in English at a public nursing education institution located in the northeast of Namibia. Methods: A qualitative explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was used. Data were collected by means of in-depth semi-structured interviews with 18 nurse educators from the School of Nursing. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Field notes were simultaneously taken to enrich the data. Results: The study revealed three themes: nurse educators' experiences of the use of online learning and teaching skills, COVID-19 as an enabler for enhancing online learning and teaching skills and strategies to sustain online teaching and learning. Conclusion: Internet technology has generated a surge in demand for web-based teaching and learning. The online learning mode was not effectively utilised during the COVID-19 era because of inadequate technological skills on the part of nurse educators. Contribution: These findings can be used by universities to equip students and academic staff with skills to adapt to e-learning as the new modus operandi in learning and teaching in the post-COVID-19 era.
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Students, Nursing , Education, Distance , Education, Nursing , COVID-19 , PandemicsABSTRACT
RESUMEN Se presentan los resultados de una investigación cualitativa a nivel de maestría orientada a identificar las perspectivas didácticas y curriculares de las salidas de campo inmersas en las Licenciaturas en Ciencias Sociales en el Caribe Colombiano (Universidad de Córdoba, Universidad de Cartagena y Universidad del Atlántico) que conlleven a un conocimiento de la realidad del acto educativo en relación con la formación del nuevo maestro, teniendo en cuenta los requerimientos y necesidades del contexto. El estudio implementó como técnica de recolección de la información las entrevistas semiestructuradas a docentes, estudiantes y directivos de las Instituciones de Educación Superior y la revisión documental de lineamientos curriculares y disposiciones normativas para los programas de formación de docentes en Colombia. En este sentido, se identificaron siete perspectivas didácticas y curriculares: academicista, sistémica, formativa, integradora, transversal, desarrolladora y transformadora. Las cuales surgieron a partir de las apreciaciones de las voces de los docentes, directivos y estudiantes de las tres universidades participantes.
ABSTRACT This article presents a reflection from a qualitative research at the master's level, focused on characterizing the didactic and curricular perspectives of field trips in training programs in Social Sciences in the Colombian Caribbean (University of Córdoba, University of Cartagena and Universidad del Atlántico), in order to re-signify the foundations of the training process of the new Bachelor of Social Sciences, taking into account the requirements and needs °f the context. The study implemented as a data collection technique, semi-structured interviews with teachers, students and directors of the participating educational institutions and the documentary review of curricular guidelines and normative provisions for teacher training programs in Colombia. In this sense seven didactic and curricular perspectives were identified (7): academic, systemic, formative, integrating, transversal, developing and transforming, which arose from the appreciations of the voices of the teachers, managers and students of the three participating universities.
RESUMO Apresentam-se os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa em nível de mestrado com o objetivo de identificar as perspectivas didáticas e curriculares das viagens de campo imersas nos cursos de Bacharelado em Ciências Sociais no Caribe colombiano (Universidade de Córdoba, Universidade de Cartagena e Universidade do Atlântico) que levam ao conhecimento da realidade do ato educativo em relação à formação do novo professor; levando em consideração as exigências e necessidades do contexto. O estudo implementou entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores, alunos e diretores de instituições de ensino superior, e a revisão documental das diretrizes curriculares e disposições normativas para programas de formação de professores na Colômbia como uma técnica de coleta de informações. Nesse sentido, foram identificadas sete perspectivas didáticas e curriculares: acadêmica, sistêmica, formativa, integrativa, transversal, desenvolvedora e transformadora. Que surgiram a partir da apreciação das vozes de professores, gestores e alunos das três universidades participantes.
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The exploration and representative achievements of Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences are reviewed during the past 70 years since its foundation in the basic research field, e.g. theoretic innovation, literature research, cultural relic study and museum construction, as well as acupuncture-moxibustion standardization. Besides, the analysis is conducted on the relevant aspects that needs to be improved or enhanced. Facing the future and reviewing the original aspiration, the approaches to the new journey of inheritance and innovation in Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion have been explored, i.e. discovering rules, creating innovation methods, constructing platform and refining essence.
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Acupuncture , Acupuncture Therapy , China , Medicine, East Asian Traditional , MoxibustionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Non-coding RNA is widely distributed in the nervous system in vivo and a significant change in the expression of non-coding RNA has been observed in a neural injury model. This suggests that non-coding RNA may serve as a potential target for resolving the challenges of peripheral nerve repair. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the mechanisms of microRNA, circular RNA and long non-coding RNA in the process of repair after peripheral nerve injury with the attempt to determine the possible treatment of peripheral nerve injury. METHODS: The first author retrieved the relevant literatures in CNKI and PubMed databases published from January 2001 to April 2019. The key words were “non-coding RNA, miRNA, circRNA, IncRNA, peripheral nerve injury” in Chinese and English, respectively. Forty-three literatures were included in accordance with the exclusion and inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) MicroRNAs can act on certain signal pathways, regulate the apoptosis, growth, proliferation and differentiation of Schwann cells and participate in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. (2) Circular RNAs act as microRNA sponges to competitively inhibit the transcription in microRNA, and exert corresponding biological functions. (3) A large amount of long non-coding RNAs are expressed after peripheral nerve injury, and play a key role in the peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Humans have evolved and adapted as a social being and it has ensured the survival of all. The novel corona virus, COVID 19 has impacted the psychosocial functioning of billions of people around the world. The various impacts it might have on different categories of people over a period of time is one of the main concerns of the World Health Organisation. College students are vulnerable and are more prone to psychological problems due to the prolonged stress experienced by them during this period of uncertainty and social isolation. We wanted to analyse the level of perceived stress among college students in India and the impact of this sudden break in studies and social distancing has on them. We also wanted to study the number of mental setbacks the college students experience because of their financial situation and their future job prospects during this lockdown. METHODSAn online survey was conducted among the college students in India. A total of 775 responses were analysed for the level of perceived stress using the perceived stress scale. The psychological impact caused by the lockdown was analysed through statements regarding the amount of worry they felt across various aspects of their life such as economic stability, missing friends during lockdown, use of mobile phone for connecting with people, continuation of education and impact of Covid 19 on future job prospects. RESULTSCollege students were experiencing significant amount of stress as measured by the perceived stress (PS) scale with 11.5 % experiencing high stress and 81.2 % students experiencing moderate amount of stress. The perceived stress was found to be significantly associated with worry regarding education, job prospects being affected by the Covid 19 situation and the reduction of time spent with their peers. CONCLUSIONSCollege students are experiencing moderate to high level of stress in the context of the pandemic situation and preventive and protective measures have to be taken by the college administration to address these issues. More targeted assessments needs to be done in colleges to assess the mental health of its student population and protective measures like counselling services should be made to vulnerable students as they try to handle the stress associated with the current pandemic situation.
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Objective To sort out the development history of disease control informatization in Hubei, and provide reference for the establishment of the "Hubei model" of disease control informatization. Methods To understand the development process through data access and site investigation. Result Hubei CDC has built a provincial and municipal two-level data center; built a full-coverage security network; built a full traceable immune planning system; built a provincial, city, and county three-level video conference system; established a professional disease Control the information team. Conclusion The "Hubei model" of disease control informationization has a solid foundation. It will adhere to the development concept of people as the core, business as the problem-oriented, big data as the means, multi-point trigger as the benchmark, and network security as the foundation. Play the role of technical support and information leadership in the control business.
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Among the various routes of administration, the oral route remains the most convenient and commonly employed route for drug delivery. The oral conventional drug delivery systems have some drawbacks, such as possibility of gastrointestinal destruction of labile molecules, low absorption of macromolecules, slow onset of action, and unavoidable fluctuation in the concentration of drugs which can either lead to under- or over medication with concomitant adverse effects, especially for drugs with small therapeutic index. Therefore, it became essential to design novel oral drug delivery systems to achieve quick dissolution, absorption, rapid onset of action and reduction of drug dose. Among those novel drug delivery systems are oral disintegrating tablets (ODTs). The purpose of this review article is to report the recent advances in ODT systems with emphasis on their preparations, characterizations and applications.
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RESUMEN El problema de investigación fue comprender el porqué de la enseñanza de un conjunto de temas que caracterizaron un curso de Geometría Analítica de grado 10, durante un periodo determinado. El objetivo de esta investigación fue, entonces, describir y analizar el porqué de la selección de dicho conjunto de temas caracterizaron el estudio de caso. Para lograr este objetivo fue necesario hacer una investigación etnográfica en un aula de clases, de una institución educativa pública, ubicada al norte de Colombia. La metodología empleada respondió a dos momentos: 1) Una observación no participante y su respectivo registro audiovisual y transcripción de 14 sesiones de clases y la revisión de cuadernos y 2) El análisis de la información obtenida en el anterior momento, conllevó al empleo de una metodología de revisiones bibliográficas y documentales, sobre el desarrollo curricular en el contexto internacional y nacional de la enseñanza de la Geometría Analítica, en la educación media, para relacionar el análisis del porqué de la enseñanza del conjunto de temas con los aspectos que emergieron de dicha revisión. Al final, se aporta a la discusión sobre lo que podría ser el curso de Geometría Analítica del grado 10.
ABSTRACT The research problem was to understand the why of the teaching of a set of topics that characterized a grade 10 Analytical Geometry course during a given period. The objective of this investigation was then to describe and analyze why the selection of said set of topics characterized the case study. To achieve this goal it was necessary to do ethnographic research in a classroom of a public educational institution located in northern Colombia. The methodology used responded to two moments: 1) A non-participant observation and its respective audiovisual record and transcript of 14 class sessions and the revision of notebooks and 2) The analysis of the information obtained in the previous moment led to the use of a methodology of bibliographic and documentary reviews on curricular development in the international and national context of the teaching of Analytical Geometry in secondary education to relate the analysis of why of the teaching of the set of topics with the aspects that emerged from said review. At the end it is contributed to the discussion about what could be the course of Analytical Geometry of grade 10.
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Abstract Toona sinensis (Juss.) M.Roem, Meliaceae, a deciduous plant native to eastern and southeastern Asia, is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. This paper was aimed to summarize the current advances in traditional usage, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of T. sinensis. In this review, various types of data of T. sinensis are discussed in the corresponding parts of this paper, and perspectives for possible future studies of this plant are discussed. The main constituents of T. sinensis are terpenoids, phenylpropanoids and flavonoids, etc., and its pharmacological activities include anti-tumor effects, antioxidant activities, anti-diabetic effects and anti-inflammatory effects. Although a series of phytochemical and pharmacological researches of this plant have been conducted, the active constituents and action mechanism of these activities should be also further explored. Furthermore, the present review also indicates that T. sinensis has potentials to develop into drugs for treating various diseases with high efficacy and low toxicity, particularly in cancer, diabetes and inflammatory disorders. In conclusion, the paper provides a full-scale profile of the traditional usage, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of T. sinensis, and also provides potential therapeutic uses and drug development prospects of this plant.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious threat to children′s health.The world health organization (WHO) reported that there were almost 1 million TB patients and 230 000 deaths among children globally in 2017.In order to control the prevalence of childhood TB, WHO put forward a blueprint of " towards zero death for childhood TB" . However, due to the difficulty in obtaining specimens, the lack of typical symptoms and the insufficient of existing diagnostic methods for children, it is hard to achieve the goal of zero death.The summary of the TB diagnosis status will promote to solve the current problems in children.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious threat to children's health.The world health organization (WHO) reported that there were almost 1 million TB patients and 230 000 deaths among children globally in 2017.In order to control the prevalence of childhood TB,WHO put forward a blueprint of "towards zero death for childhood TB".However,due to the difficulty in obtaining specimens,the lack of typical symptoms and the insufficient of existing diagnostic methods for children,it is hard to achieve the goal of zero death.The summary of the TB diagnosis status will promote to solve the current problems in children.
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Este estudo buscou revisar sistematicamente a literatura acerca das expectativas de vida e perspectiva de futuros em pacientes oncológicos. Foram incluídos artigos internacionais publicados entre 1990 e 2017. Para a realização das buscas, foram utilizados os descritores Life expectancy, Future plans, Hope, Terminal patient, oriundos do portal EBSCO Host pelas bases de dados MEDLINE with full text, Soc INDEX e MEDLINE complete e do portal da CAPES pelas bases Science Direct, Sciello, Web of Science e Psyc INFO. Os estudos apontaram maior ênfase em questões relacionadas à esperança e bem estar de pacientes com diferentes tipos e estadiamento do câncer, destacando-se a importância da comunicação entre a equipe multidisciplinar em saúde, paciente e familiares/cuidadores.
This study aimed to systematically review the literature on expectations of life and perspective of future in cancer patients. Were included international articles published between 1990 and 2017. To carry out the search, the Life expectancy descriptors Future plans were used, Hope, patient terminal, coming from the portal EBSCO Host by MEDLINE with full text, INDEX Corporation and MEDLINE complete and the portal of CAPES the bases Science Direct, Sciello, Web of Science and Psyc INFO. Studies showed greater emphasis on issues related to hope and well-being of patients with different types and staging of cancer, especially the importance of communication between the multidisciplinary health team, patient and family/caregivers.
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From the basic research, key technologies and product development and typical application demonstration, this paper expounds the latest scientific and technological progress made in China in the prevention and control of emergent pathogens and infectious diseases. The future development of science and technology is also prospected.
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@# Cell therapy includes stem cell therapy and immunotherapy for multiple diseases including cancer. With the progress in life science and medicine as well as people’s increasing demands for health, cell therapy has become an important frontier research field. Constantly emerged innovative theories, technologies and clinical outcomes of cell therapy have laid a solid foundation for the development of cell therapy industrialization. Now some cell therapy products have already been approved by the regulatory authorities abroad; and in China, cell therapy is in a period of great opportunities. Therefore, how to optimize the supervision and guiding system and provisions, to better stimulate the vitality of research and transformation, to create more benefits for patients and to promote the development of the industry in an orderly manner have become an issues that worth deep consideration. In this paper, we discussed the current progress on stem cell therapy and immunotherapy represented by chimeric antigen receptor T-Cell (CAR-T) in both domestic and overseas, and the industry supervision of cell therapy in China; in addition, we also put forward some suggestions for the development of cell therapy in China for the reference of peers in this field.
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Introducción: la familia es el núcleo primario de referencia de las personas, que determina que la forma en que interpreta la realidad se constituye como un modelo que guía y da sentido a las acciones de sus integrantes, por lo que puede ser un factor protector en condiciones de pobreza. Objetivo: describir la relación entre las concepciones teóricas de familia y pobreza con la experiencia familiar de 15 mujeres que viven en esta condición. Métodos: estudio cualitativo en una comuna de Santiago. Se utilizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas y la Escala de Resiliencia SV-RES. Los datos se recolectaron entre noviembre 2012 y enero 2013. El análisis se realizó según los procedimientos de la Grounded Theory. Resultados: la familia se define por tres aspectos centrales e irrenunciables: a) comunicación, b) afecto y c) proyecto de vida. La pobreza es definida y asociada a la falta de recursos y a relaciones de dependencia. Las metas compartidas surgen como elementos diferenciadores en las familias que seguirán trayectorias de pobreza, no así respecto de los recorridos individuales. Conclusiones: la familia en situación de pobreza debe ser descubierta en su realidad, para ayudarla a enfrentar la tarea de emerger con sus propias fuerzas y potencialidades, fortaleciendo su capacidad formadora de capital humano, potenciando la integración real de todos quienes forman la sociedad y permitiendo la construcción de sistemas de representación inclusivos(AU)
Introduction: The family is the people's primary reference center, which determines that the way in which they interpret reality is constituted as a model that guides and gives meaning to the actions of its members, so it can be a protective factor under poverty conditions. Objective: To describe the relationship between the theoretical conceptions about family and poverty with the family experience of 15 women living under this condition Methods: Qualitative study in a commune of Santiago. Semi-structured interviews and the SV-RES Resilience Scale were used. Data were collected between November 2012 and January 2013. The analysis was performed according to the Grounded Theory procedures. Results: The family is defined by three central and indispensable aspects: a) communication, b) affection and c) life prospects. Poverty is defined and associated with the lack of resources and by the dependence relationships. The shared goals appear as differentiating elements in the families that will follow the trajectories of poverty, not in relationship with individual routes. Conclusions: The family in a poverty situation must be discovered in their reality, in order to help them face the task of emerging with their own strengths and potentialities, strengthening their capacity to form human capital, enhancing the real integration of everyone who forms the society and allowing the construction of inclusive representation systems(AU)
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Humans , Family/psychology , PovertyABSTRACT
Aptamers are kinds of short single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid(ssDNA)or ribonucleic acid(RNA)selected in vitro using SELEX(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment). They can effectively bind various targets such as ami-no acids,carbohydrates,proteins,cells and viruses,with the advantages of simple operation,high sensitivity and low cost. This arti-cle outlines the basic principles,advantages and applications of aptamer technology. It also summarizes the features and hazards of ma-rine biotoxins,and introduces the application prospects of aptamer technology in the detection of marine biotoxins.
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The incidence of pancreatic cancer has been obviously increasing in China over the last decade, however, those patients with advanced pancreatic cancer are suffering from limited treatment strategies and poor clinical prognosis. Chemotherapy improved the overall survival of cases with advanced pancreatic cancer to 8-11 months, and erlotinib brought an additional survival of only 10 days. In this article, the recent progresses on advanced pancreatic cancer were reviewed at the genetic and molecular sub-typing levels, and corresponding clinical transformation studies summarized, some of which have showed encouraging clinical prospects but others have failed due to the complexity of pancreatic cancer. By learning from experiences in the successful therapeutic strategies and lessons from the failed cases, we hope to optimize future clinical research from bedside to bench.